考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士专业考研复习必备资料-育明考研考博
一、北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研招生报考统计（育明考博辅导中心)专业招生人数2014年25人2015年50人2016年50人初试科目①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语③354汉语基础复试科目①专业基础（笔试）②英语口试汉语国际教育硕士④445汉语国际教育基础③综合素质育明考研考博辅导中心张老师解析：
1、北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士专业考研的报录比平均在6:1左右（竞争较激烈）2、笔试以汉语基础与应用、文学文化分析、综合写作能力为主。
3、复试满分250分，其中专业基础（笔试）50分，英语口试50分，综合面试150分。4、总成绩=初试成绩*66.7%+复试成绩*33.3%。
5、初试公共课拉开的分差较小，两门专业课拉开的分差非常大。要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数。专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。6、同等学历的考生需要加试2门本科阶段的主干课程。
育明教育针对北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研开设的辅导课程有：专业课课程班·复试保过班·高端协议班。每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源，整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一位学员构建考研成功的基础保障。
（北师大汉语国际教育硕士考研资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：七七二六、七八、五三七）
二、北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研复试分数线（育明考博辅导中心)年份
政治50分50分55分
英语50分50分50分
汉语基础汉语国际教育基础90分90分90分
90分90分90分
总分350分350分360分
2014年2015年2016年
（北师大汉语国际教育硕士考研资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：七七二六、七八、五三七）
三、北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研专业课参考书（育明考博辅导中心)
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师专业书名作者出版社高等教育出版社上海教育出版社北京大学出版社北京大学出版社
中华书局北京大学出版社北京师范大学出版社外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社北京大学出版社中国对外翻译出版社北京师范大学出版社
华东师范大学厦门大学
《现代汉语》增订3版上下2002徐通锵、叶蜚声《现代汉语》重订本（95版）《现代汉语词汇》（增订本）
汉语基础
《现代汉语语法研究教程》《古代汉语》校订重排版《语言学纲要》2010年版《对外汉语教学引论》2007
汉语国际教育基础
《中国文化要略》2003《跨文化交际学概论》《外国文化史》《青少年不可不知的1001文
李文勇
化常识(外国卷)》
心理学
《对外汉语教育学引论》《对外汉语教育心理学》《对外汉语教育心理学》
育明考研考博辅导中心张老师解析：
胡裕树符淮青陆俭明王力吉常宏叶蜚声徐通锵
刘珣程裕帧胡文仲孟昭毅曾艳兵
刘珣徐子亮张灵芝
1、参考书是理论知识建立所需的载体，如何从参考书抓取核心书目，从核心书目中遴选出重点章节常考的考点，如何高效的研读参考书、建立参考书框架，如何灵活运用参考书中的知识内容来答题，是考生复习的第一阶段最需完成的任务。
2、专业知识的来源也不能局限于对参考书的研读，整个的备考当中考生还需要阅读大量的paper，读哪一些、怎么去读、读完之后应该怎么做，这些也会直接影响到考生的分数。
（北师大汉语国际教育硕士考研资料获取、课程咨询育明教育张老师叩叩：七七二六、七八、五三七）
四、2015年考研英语(一)真题完整版
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Thoughnotbiologicallyrelated,friendsareas“related”asfourthcousins,sharingabout1%ofgenes.Thatis_(1)_astudy,publishedfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaandYaleUniversityintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,has__(2)_.
Thestudyisagenome-wideanalysisconducted_(3)__1,932uniquesubjectswhich__(4)__pairsofunrelatedfriendsandunrelatedstrangers.Thesamepeoplewereusedinboth_(5)_.
While1%mayseem_(6)_,itisnotsotoageneticist.AsJamesFowler,professorofmedicalgeneticsatUCSanDiego,says,“Mostpeopledonoteven_(7)_theirfourthcousinsbutsomehowmanagetoselectasfriendsthepeoplewho_(8)_ourkin.”
Thestudy_(9)_foundthatthegenesforsmellweresomethingsharedinfriendsbutnotgenesforimmunity.Whythissimilarityexistsinsmellgenesisdifficulttoexplain,fornow,_(10)_,astheteamsuggests,itdrawsustosimilarenvironmentsbutthereismore_(11)_it.Therecouldbemanymechanismsworkingtogetherthat_(12)_usinchoosinggeneticallysimilarfriends_(13)_”functionalKinship”ofbeingfriendswith_(14)_!
Oneoftheremarkablefindingsofthestudywasthesimilargenesseemtobe
evolution_(15)_thanothergenesStudyingthiscouldhelp_(16)_whyhumanevolutionpickedpaceinthelast30,000years,withsocialenvironmentbeingamajor_(17)_factor.
Thefindingsdonotsimplyexplainpeople’s_(18)_tobefriendthoseof
similar_(19)_backgrounds,saytheresearchers.ThoughallthesubjectsweredrawnfromapopulationofEuropeanextraction,carewastakento_(20)_thatallsubjects,friendsandstrangers,weretakenfromthesamepopulation.
1.[A]when[B]why[C]how[D]what
2.[A]defended[B]concluded[C]withdrawn[D]advised3.[A]for[B]with[C]on[D]by
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师4.[A]compared[B]sought[C]separated[D]connected5.[A]tests[B]objects[C]samples[D]examples
6.[A]insignificant[B]unexpected[C]unbelievable[D]incredible7.[A]visit[B]miss[C]seek[D]know
8.[A]resemble[B]influence[C]favor[D]surpass9.[A]again[B]also[C]instead[D]thus
10.[A]Meanwhile[B]Furthermore[C]Likewise[D]Perhaps11.[A]about[B]to[C]from[D]like
12.[A]drive[B]observe[C]confuse[D]limit
13.[A]accordingto[B]ratherthan[C]regardlessof[D]alongwith14.[A]chances[B]responses[C]missions[D]benefits15.[A]later[B]slower[C]faster[D]earlier16.[A]forecast[B]remember[C]understand[D]express
17.[A]unpredictable[B]contributory[C]controllable[D]disruptive18.[A]endeavor[B]decision[C]arrangement[D]tendency19.[A]political[B]religious[C]ethnic[D]economic20.[A]see[B]show[C]prove[D]tellSectionIIReadingComprehension
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartADirections:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师KingJuanCarlosofSpainonceinsisted“kingsdon’tabdicate,theydareintheirsleep.”ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimtoeathiswordsandstanddown.So,doestheSpanishcrisissuggestthatmonarchyisseeingitslastdays?DoesthatmeanthewritingisonthewallforallEuropeanroyals,withtheirmagnificentuniformsandmajesticlifestyle?
TheSpanishcaseprovidesargumentsbothforandagainstmonarchy.Whenpublicopinionisparticularlypolarised,asitwasfollowingtheendoftheFrancoregime,monarchscanriseabove“mere”politicsand“embody”aspiritofnationalunity.
Itisthisapparenttranscendenceofpoliticsthatexplainsmonarchs’continuingpopularitypolarized.Andalso,theMiddleEastexcepted,Europeisthemostmonarch-infestedregionintheworld,with10kingdoms(notcountingVaticanCityandAndorra).ButunliketheirabsolutistcounterpartsintheGulfandAsia,mostroyalfamilieshavesurvivedbecausetheyallowvoterstoavoidthedifficultsearchforanon-controversialbutrespectedpublicfigure.
Evenso,kingsandqueensundoubtedlyhaveadownside.Symbolicofnationalunityastheyclaimtobe,theirveryhistory—andsometimesthewaytheybehavetoday–embodiesoutdatedandindefensibleprivilegesandinequalities.AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasingpowerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartofmoderndemocraticstates.
Themostsuccessfulmonarchiesstrivetoabandonorhidetheiroldaristocraticways.Princesandprincesseshaveday-jobsandridebicycles,nothorses(orhelicopters).Evenso,thesearewealthyfamilieswhopartywiththeinternational1%,andmediaintrusivenessmakesitincreasinglydifficulttomaintaintherightimage.
WhileEurope’smonarchieswillnodoubtbesmartenoughtosurviveforsometimetocome,itistheBritishroyalswhohavemosttofearfromtheSpanishexample.
ItisonlytheQueenwhohaspreservedthemonarchy’sreputationwithherratherordinary(ifwell-heeled)grannystyle.ThedangerwillcomewithCharles,whohasbothanexpensivetasteoflifestyleandaprettyhierarchicalviewoftheworld.Hehasfailedtounderstandthatmonarchieshavelargelysurvivedbecausetheyprovideaservice–asnon-controversial
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师andnon-politicalheadsofstate.CharlesoughttoknowthatasEnglishhistoryshows,itiskings,notrepublicans,whoarethemonarchy’sworstenemies.
21.AccordingtothefirsttwoParagraphs,KingJuanCarlosofSpain[A]usedturnenjoyhighpublicsupport[B]wasunpopularamongEuropeanroyals[C]casedhisrelationshipwithhisrivals[D]endedhisreigninembarrassment
22.MonarchsarekeptasheadsofstateinEuropemostly[A]owingtotheirundoubtedandrespectablestatus[B]toachieveabalancebetweentraditionandreality[C]togivevotermorepublicfigurestolookupto[D]duetotheireverlastingpoliticalembodiment
23.Whichofthefollowingisshowntobeodd,accordingtoParagraph4?[A]Aristocrats’excessiverelianceoninheritedwealth[B]Theroleofthenobilityinmoderndemocracies[C]Thesimplelifestyleofthearistocraticfamilies[D]Thenobility’sadherencetotheirprivileges
24.TheBritishroyals“havemosttofear”becauseCharles[A]takesaroughlineonpoliticalissues[B]failstochangehislifestyleasadvised[C]takesrepublicansashispotentialallies[D]failstoadapthimselftohisfuturerole
25.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?[A]Carlos,GloryandDisgraceCombined[B]Charles,AnxioustoSucceedtotheThrone
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师[C]Carlos,aLessonforAllEuropeanMonarchs[D]Charles,SlowtoReacttotheComingThreatsTEXT2
JusthowmuchdoestheConstitutionprotectyourdigitaldata?TheSupremeCpurtwillnowconsiderwhetherpolicecansearchthecontentsofamobilephonewithoutawarrantifthephoneisonoraroundapersonduringanarrest.
Californiahasaskedthejusticestorefrainfromasweepingruling,particularlyonethatupsetstheoldassumptionsthatauthoritiesmaysearchthroughthepossessionsofsuspectsatthetimeoftheirarrest.Itishard,thestateargues,forjudgestoassesstheimplicationsofnewandrapidlychangingtechnologies.
ThecourtwouldberecklesslymodestifitfollowedCalifornia’sadvice.Enoughoftheimplicationsarediscernable,evenobvious,sothatthejusticecanandshouldprovideupdatedguidelinestopolice,lawyersanddefendants.
TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia’slameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone-avaststorehouseofdigitalinformationissimilartosay,goingthroughasuspect’spurse.Thecourthasruledthatpolicedon'tviolatetheFourthAmendmentwhentheygothroughthewalletorporcketbook,ofanarresteewithoutawarrant.Butexploringone’ssmartphoneismorelikeenteringhisorherhome.Asmartphonemaycontainanarrestee’sreadinghistory,financialhistory,medicalhistoryandcomprehensiverecordsofrecentcorrespondence.Thedevelopmentof“cloudcomputing.”meanwhile,hasmadethatexplorationsomuchtheeasier.
ButthejusticesshouldnotswallowCalifornia’sargumentwhole.New,disruptivetechnologysometimesdemandsnovelapplicationsoftheConstitution’sprotections.OrinKerr,alawprofessor,comparestheexplosionandaccessibilityofdigitalinformationinthe21stcenturywiththeestablishmentofautomobileuseasadigitalnecessityoflifeinthe20th:Thejusticeshadtospecifynovelrulesforthenewpersonaldomainofthepassengercarthen;theymustsortouthowtheFourthAmendmentappliestodigitalinformationnow.
26.TheSupremecourt,willworkoutwhether,duringanarrest,itislegitimateto[A]searchforsuspects’mobilephoneswithoutawarrant.
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师[B]checksuspects’phonecontentswithoutbeingauthorized.[C]preventsuspectsfromdeletingtheirphonecontents.[D]prohibitsuspectsfromusingtheirmobilephones.
27.Theauthor’sattitudetowardCalifornia’sargumentisoneof[A]tolerance.[B]indifference.[C]disapproval.[D]cautiousness.
28.Theauthorbelievesthatexploringone’sphonecontentiscomparableto[A]gettingintoone’sresidence.[B]handingone’shistoricalrecords.[C]scanningone’scorrespondences.[D]goingthroughone’swallet.
29.InParagraph5and6,theauthorshowshisconcernthat[A]principlesarehardtobeclearlyexpressed.[B]thecourtisgivingpolicelessroomforaction.[C]phonesareusedtostoresensitiveinformation.[D]citizens’privacyisnoteffectiveprotected.30.OrinKerr’scomparisonisquotedtoindicatethat(A)theConstitutionshouldbeimplementedflexibly.
(B)NewtechnologyrequiresreinterpretationoftheConstitution.(C)California’sargumentviolatesprinciplesoftheConstitution.(D)PrinciplesoftheConstitutionshouldneverbealtered.Text3
ThejournalScienceisaddinganextraroundofstatisticalcheckstoitspeer-review
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师process,editor-in-chiefMarciaMcNuttannouncedtoday.Thepolicyfollowssimilareffortsfromotherjournals,afterwidespreadconcernthatbasicmistakesindataanalysisarecontributingtotheirreproducibilityofmanypublishedresearchfindings.
“Readersmusthaveconfidenceintheconclusionspublishedinourjournal,”writesMcNuttinaneditorial.WorkingwiththeAmericanStatisticalAssociation,thejournalhasappointedsevenexpertstoastatisticsboardofreviewingeditors(SBoRE).Manuwillbeflaggedupforadditionalscrutinybythejournal’sinternaleditors,orbyitsexistingBoardofReviewingEditorsorbyoutsidepeerreviewers.TheSBoREpanelwillthenfindexternalstatisticianstoreviewthesemanus.
Askedwhetheranyparticularpapershadimpelledthechange,McNuttsaid:“Thecreationofthe‘statisticsboard’wasmotivatedbyconcernsbroadlywiththeapplicationofstatisticsanddataanalysisinscientificresearchandispartofScience’soveralldrivetoincreasereproducibilityintheresearchwepublish.”
GiovanniParmigiani,abiostatisticianattheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth,amemberoftheSBoREgroup,saysheexpectstheboardto“playprimarilyanadvisoryrole.”Heagreedtojoinbecausehe“foundtheforesightbehindtheestablishmentoftheSBoREtobenovel,uniqueandlikelytohavealastingimpact.Thisimpactwillnot
only
bethroughthe
publicationsinScienceitself,buthopefullythroughalargergroupofpublishingplacesthatmaywanttomodeltheirapproachafterScience.”
31、ItcanbelearnedfromParagraphIthat
[A]Scienceintendstosimplifyitspeer-reviewprocess.[B]journalsarestrengtheningtheirstatisticalchecks.[C]fewjournalsareblamedformistakesindataanalysis.[D]lackofdataanalysisiscommoninresearchprojects.
32、Thephrase“flaggedup”(Para.2)istheclosestinmeaningto[A]found.[B]revised.[C]marked[D]stored
33、GiovanniParmigianibelievesthattheestablishmentoftheSBoREmay[A]poseathreattoallitspeers[B]meetwithstrongopposition
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师[C]increaseScience’scirculation.[D]setanexampleforotherjournals
34、DavidVauxholdsthatwhatScienceisdoingnowA.addstoresearchers’worklosd.B.diminishestheroleofreviewers.C.hasroomforfurtherimprovement.D.istofailintheforeseeablefuture.
35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ScienceJoinsPushtoScreenStatisticsinPapersB.ProfessionalStatisticiansDeserveMoreRespectC.DataAnalysisFindsItsWayontoEditors’DesksD.StatisticiansAreComingBackwithScience
Text4
Twoyearsago,RupertMurdoch’sdaughter,Elisabeth,spokeofthe“unsettlingdearthofintegrityacrosssomanyofourinstitutions”.Integrityhadcollapsed,sheargued,becauseofacollectiveacceptancethattheonly“sortingmechanism”insocietyshouldbeprofitandthemarket.But“it’sus,humanbeings,wethepeoplewhocreatethesocietywewant,notprofit”.
Drivingherpointhome,shecontinued:“It’sincreasinglyapparentthattheabsenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguagewithingovernment,mediaorbusinesscouldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismandfreedom.”ThissameabsenceofmoralpurposewaswoundingcompaniessuchasNewsInternational,shethought,makingitmorelikelythatitwouldloseitswayasithadwithwidespreadillegaltelephonehacking.
Asthehackingtrialconcludes—findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,forconspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge—thewiderissueofdearthofintegritystillstands.Journalistsareknowntohavehackedthephonesofupto5,500people.Thisishackingonanindustrialscale,aswasacknowledgedbyGlennMulcaire,themanhiredbytheNewsoftheWorldin2001tobethepointpersonforphonehacking.Othersawaittrial.Thissagastillunfolds.
Inmanyrespects,thedearthofmoralpurposeframesnotonlythefactofsuchwidespreadphonehackingbutthetermsonwhichthetrialtookplace.Oneoftheastonishingrevelations
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师washowlittleRebekahBrooksknewofwhatwentoninhernewsroom,howlittleshethoughttoaskandthefactthatsheneverinquiredhowthestoriesarrived.Thecoreofhersuccessfuldefencewasthatsheknewnothing.
Intoday’sworld,ithasbecomenormalthatwell-paidexecutivesshouldnotbeaccountableforwhathappensintheorganisationsthattheyrun.Perhapsweshouldnotbesosurprised.Forageneration,thecollectivedoctrinehasbeenthatthesortingmechanismofsocietyshouldbeprofit.Thewordsthathavematteredareefficiency,flexibility,shareholdervalue,business-friendly,wealthgeneration,sales,impactand,innewspapers,circulation.Wordsdegradedtothemarginhavebeenjustice,fairness,tolerance,proportionalityandaccountability.
ThepurposeofeditingtheNewsoftheWorldwasnottopromotereaderunderstanding,tobefairinwhatwaswrittenortobetrayanycommonhumanity.Itwastoruinlivesinthequestforcirculationandimpact.MsBrooksmayormaynothavehadsuspicionsabouthowherjournalistsgottheirstories,butsheaskednoquestions,gavenoinstructions—norreceivedtraceable,recordedanswers.
36.Accordigntothefirsttwoparagraphs,Elisabethwasupsetby(A)theconsequencesofthecurrentsortingmechanism.(B)companies’financiallossduetoimmoralpractices(C)governmentalineffectivenessonmoralissues.(D)thewidemisuseofintegrityamonginstitutions.37.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that
(A)GlennMulcairemaydenyphonehackingasacrime.(B)morejournalistsmaybefoundguiltyofphonehacking.(C)AndyCoulsonshouldbeheldinnocentofthecharge.(D)phonehackingwillbeacceptedoncertainoccasions.38.TheauthorbelievesthatRebekahBrooks’sdefence(A)revealedacunningpersonality.(B)centeredontrivialissues.(C)washardlyconvincing.(D)waspartofaconspiracy.
39.Theauthorholdsthatthecurrentcollectivedoctrineshows(A)generallydistortedvalues.
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师(B)unfairwealthdistribution.(C)amarginalizedlifestyle.(D)arigidmoralcode.
40Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?(A)Thequalityofwritingsisofprimaryimportance.(B)Commonhumanityiscentraltonewsreporting.(C)Moralawarenessmattersineditinganewspaper.(D)Journalistsneedstricterindustrialregulations.
PartB
Directions:
Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthefistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Howdoesyourreadingproceed?Clearlyyoutrytocomprehend,inthesenseofidentifyingmeaningsforindividualwordsandworkingoutrelationshipsbetweenthem,drawingonyourexplicitknowledgeofEnglishgrammar(41)______youbegintoinferacontextforthetext,forinstance,bymakingdecisionsaboutwhatkindofspeecheventisinvolved:whoismakingtheutterance,towhom,whenandwhere.
Thewaysofreadingindicatedherearewithoutdoubtkindsofofcomprehension.Buttheyshowcomprehensiontoconsistnotjustpassiveassimilationbutofactiveengagementinferenceandproblem-solving.Youinferinformationyoufeelthewriterhasinvitedyoutograspbypresentingyouwithspecificevidenceandcues(42)_______
Conceivedinthisway,comprehensionwillnotfollowexactlythesametrackforeachreader.Whatisinquestionisnottheretrievalofanabsolute,fixedor“true”meaningthatcanbereadoffandclockedforaccuracy,orsometimelessrelationofthetexttotheworld.(43)_______
Suchbackgroundmaterialinevitablyreflectswhoweare,(44)_______Thisdoesn’t,however,makeinterpretationmerelyrelativeorevenpointless.Preciselybecausereadersfromdifferenthistoricalperiods,placesandsocialexperiencesproducedifferentbutoverlappingreadingsofthesamewordsonthepage-includingfortextsthatengagewith
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师fundamentalhumanconcerns-debatesabouttextscanplayanimportantroleinsocialdiscussionofbeliefsandvalues.
Howwereadagiventextalsodependstosomeextentonourparticularinterestinreadingit.(45)_______suchdimensionsofreadsuggest-asothersintroducedlaterinthebookwillalsodo-thatwebringanimplicit(oftenunacknowledged)agendatoanyactofreading.Itdoesn’tthennecessarilyfollowthatonekindofreadingisfuller,moreadvancedormoreworthwhilethananother.Ideally,differentkindsofreadinginformeachother,andactasusefulreferencepointsforandcounterbalancestooneanother.Together,theymakeupthereadingcomponentofyouroverallliteracyorrelationshiptoyoursurroundingtextualenvironment.
[A]Arewestudyingthattextandtryingtorespondinawaythatfulfilstherequirementofagivencourse?Readingitsimplyforpleasure?Skimmingitforinformation?Waysofreadingonatrainorinbedarelikelytodifferconsiderablyfromreadinginaseminarroom.
[B]Factorssuchastheplaceandperiodinwhichwearereading,ourgenderethnicity,ageandsocialclasswillencourageustowardscertaininterpretationbutatthesametimeobscureorevencloseoffothers.
[C]Ifyouareunfamiliarwithwordsoridioms,youguessattheirmeaning,usingcluespresentedinthecontest.Ontheassumptionthattheywillbecomerelevantlater,youmakeamentalnoteofdiscourseentitiesaswellaspossiblelinksbetweenthem.
[D]Ineffect,youtrytoreconstructthelikelymeaningsoreffectsthatanygivensentence,imageorreferencemighthavehad:Thesemightbetheonestheauthorintended.
[E]Youmakefurtherinferences,forinstance,abouthowthetestmaybesignificanttoyou,oraboutitsvalidity—inferencesthatformthebasisofapersonalresponseforwhichtheauthorwillinevitablybefarlessresponsible.
[F]Inplays，novelsandnarrativepoems,charactersspeakasconstructscreatedbytheauthor,notnecessarilyasmouthpiecesfortheauthor’sownthoughts.
[G]Rather,weascribemeaningstotestonthebasisofinteractionbetweenwhatwemightcalltextualandcontextualmaterial:betweenkindsoforganizationorpatterningweperceiveinatext’sformalstructures(soespeciallyitslanguagestructures)andvariouskindsofbackground,socialknowledge,beliefandattitudethatwebringtothetext.
SectionIIITranslation
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师Directions:
ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Withinthespanofahundredyears,intheseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturies,atideofemigration—oneofthegreatfolkwanderingsofhistory—sweptfromEuropetoAmerica.46)Thismovement,drivenbypowerfulanddiversemotivations,builtanationoutofawildernessand,byitsnature,shapedthecharacteranddestinyofanunchartedcontinent.
47)TheUnitedStatesistheproductoftwoprincipalforces-theimmigrationofEuropeanpeopleswiththeirvariedideas,customs,andnationalcharacteristicsandtheimpactofanewcountrywhichmodifiedthesetraits.Ofnecessity,colonialAmericawasaprojectionofEurope.AcrosstheAtlanticcamesuccessivegroupsofEnglishmen,Frenchmen,Germans,Scots,Irishmen,Dutchmen,Swedes,andmanyotherswhoattemptedtotransplanttheirhabitsandtraditionstothenewworld.
48)But,theforceofgeographicconditionspeculiartoAmerica,theinterplayofthevariednationalgroupsupononeanother,andthesheerdifficultyofmaintainingold-worldwaysinaraw,newcontinentcausedsignificantchanges.Thesechangesweregradualandatfirstscarcelyvisible.Buttheresultwasanewsocialpatternwhich,althoughitresembledEuropeansocietyinmanyways,hadacharacterthatwasdistinctlyAmerican.
49)ThefirstshiploadsofimmigrantsboundfortheterritorywhichisnowtheUnitedStatescrossedtheAtlanticmorethanahundredyearsafterthe15th-and16th-centuryexplorationsofNorthAmerica.Inthemeantime,thrivingSpanishcolonieshadbeenestablishedinMexico,theWestIndies,andSouthAmerica.ThesetravelerstoNorthAmericacameinsmall,unmercifullyovercrowdedcraft.Duringtheirsix-totwelve-weekvoyage,theysubsistedonbarelyenoughfoodallottedtothem.Manyoftheshipwerelostinstorms,manypassengersdiedofdisease,andinfantsrarelysurvivedthejourney.Sometimesstormsblewthevesselsfarofftheircourse,andoftencalmbroughtunbearablylongdelay.
“TotheanxioustravelersthesightoftheAmericanshorebroughtalmostinexpressiblerelief.”saidonerecorderofevents,“Theairattwelveleagues’distancesmeltassweetasanew-blowngarden.”Thecolonists’firstglimpseofthenewlandwasasightofdensewoods.50)Thevirginforestwithitsrichnessandvarietyoftreeswasaveritablerealtreasure-housewhichextendedfromMaineallthewaydowntoGeorgia.Herewasabundantfuel
育明
考研考博北京师范大学汉语国际教育硕士考研资料、辅导课程咨询育明考博张老师andlumber.Herewastherawmaterialofhousesandfurniture,shipsandpotash,dyesandnavalstores.
SectionIVWriting
PartA
51.Directions:
Youaregoingtohostaclubreadingsession.Writeanemailofabout100wordsrecommendingabooktotheclubmembers.
Youshouldstatereasonsforyourrecommendation.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.
Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseLiMinginstead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartB
52.Directions:
Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressayyoushould1)describethedrawingbriefly2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and3)giveyourcomments
YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET.(20points)
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