（2020青海西宁中考题）
A kindergarten teacher decided to have her class play a game． The teacher told each student to bring a plastic bag with a few potatoes in it to school． Each student would \"name\"their potatoes after people they did not like. _1_， the number of potatoes would be _2_ depending on how many people each student hated． The next day， with their potatoes， all the students went to school _3_ the
game． Some kids had just one or two potatoes， while others had as many as five or six． The teacher then told the children that they would have to carry their potatoes with _4_ wherever they went for one week．
Several days _5_．Some of the students started to complain（ 抱怨）， as their potatoes began to rot（腐烂）and _6_ bad． The students who carried _7_ potatoes began to get unsatisfied with the heavy bags．
One week later， the game _8_ The teacher asked，\" How did you _9_carrying around your potatoes for a week？\"
The students complained once again． The teacher simply smiled and said， \"This is what it's like to carry hatred（仇恨 ）in your heart． You have to carry it with you wherever you go． If you can′t tolerate （容忍） carrying rotten potatoes for one week， how can you imagine having _10_ in your heart for a whole lifetime？ Forgive others and move on with your life．\" 1A．However B． In a word C． Therefore D．After all 2A． different B．similar C．the same D．small 3.A． to watch B． to join in C． to win D．to lose 4.A． it B．that C． them D．school bags 5.A． passed by B．passde on C． passed D．walked by
6.A． taste B．smell C． sound D．feel 7.A． few B．some C． more D．any
8.A． continued B．was done C． began D．was over 9.A． feel like B． look like C． enjoy D．just like 10A．love B． happiness C． friendship D． hate 语篇分析：
本文中老师是想通过一个背土豆的实验告诉学生一个道理，不要在心里去讨厌或者憎恨一个人，那样太累了，还不如原谅别人． 答案解析：
1.C．考查副词及语境理解．A．However然而； B． In a word总之； C． Therefore 因此；D．After all 毕竟；根据下文the number of potatoes would be（2）depending on how many people each student hated可知，所以，孩子们会往塑料袋里放多少个土豆要看他有多少个憎恨的人，故答案为C．
2.A．考查形容词及语境理解．A． different 不同的；B．similar相似的； C．the same同样的； D．small 小的；根据下文depending on how many people each student hated可知，根据他有多少个憎恨的人，可知土豆的数目是不一样的，故答案为A．
3.B．考查动词及语境理解．A． to watch看； B． to join in加入； C． to win 赢；D．to lose 失去；根据前文A kindergarten teacher decided to have her class play a game可知，孩子们都加入了这个游戏，故答案为B．
4.C．考查代词及语境理解．A． it它； B．that那个； C． them他们； D．school bags 书包；根据下文wherever they went for one week可知，然后老师告诉孩子们：一之内，他们无论去哪儿都要随身带着自己的那袋土豆，故答案为C． 5.A．考查动词短语及语境理解．A． passed by 经过，逝去；B．passded on传递； C． passed 经过；D．walked by 走过；根据下文some of the students started
to complain可知，几天过去了，一些孩子开始抱怨，pass by可以表示时间的流逝，故答案为A．
6.B．考查动词及语境理解．A． taste尝起来； B．smell闻起来； C． sound听起来； D．feel 感觉起来；根据常识及as their potatoes began to rot（腐烂）and _6_ bad可知，孩子们带的土豆腐烂了，发出难闻的气味，故答案为B． 7.C．考查形容词及语境理解．A． few几乎没有； B．some 一些；C． more更多； D．any 任何的；根据下文with the heavy bags可知，那些带着更多土豆的孩子开始真切地感受到袋子变得越来越沉，故答案为C．
8.D．考查动词及语境理解．A． continued 继续；B．was done被做； C． began开始； D．was over 结束；根据前文One week later， the game _8_可知，一周过后， 游戏结束，故答案为D．
9.A．考查动词短语及语境理解．A． feel like 感觉；B． look like 看起来像；C． enjoy喜欢； D．just like 像；根据How did you_9_carrying around your potatoes for a week？\"可知，你们整整一周把这些土豆带在身边，感觉怎么样，故答案为A．
10.D．考查名词及语境理解．A．love爱； B． happiness幸福； C． friendship 友谊；D． hate 恨；根据how can you imagine having _10_ in your heart for a whole lifetime？可知假如一生都让憎恨的恶臭充塞自己的心灵，那将会是多么沉重的一个负担吗，故答案为D． （2020云南昆明中考题）
Do you know what \"paying it forward\" means？ It's not paying for something before you buy it．\"Paying it forward\" is to do something nice for another person for no 36 ．Then that person does something nice for someone else．
You may think this doesn't seem like much．But this nice act can spread quite 37 ． One day in December 2015， a woman was buying a meal at McDonald's in Florida， US， She also 38 a meal for the person standing in line behind her．That person did the same thing， and the next person did it， 39 ．Soon， 250 people had done another person the act of 40 ！
But you 41 spend money to pay for it forward．There are examples of paying it forward every day like volunteering， giving food to 42 or doing something nice for someone around you．
Try it out for 43 All you have to do is to look for 44 things that you could do to make someone happy．Then， ask them to spread the word and do three kind things for someone else．And when someone does something nice for you， don't 45 to do the same!
36.A．space B．action C．reason 37. A．fast B．slowly C．hardly 38A．made B．bought C．sold 39A．too B．either C．also 40.A．madness B．politeness C．kindness 41A．would like to B．are supposed to C．don't need to 42A．the rich
B.the homeless C．the missing 43.A．myself B．yourself C．itself 44. A．small B．awful C．strange 45A．agree B．forget C．decide 语篇分析：
本文是一篇说明文． 讲述了\"Pay it forward\"就是没有目的地为别人做些好事这种善良的行为，无论大小事，这样，任何人都可以让世界变得更美好． 答案解析：
36.C．名词辨析．A空间；B行动；C原因；根据下句Then that person does something nice for someone else然后那个人为别人做了好事，可知没有理由为别人做些好事，故答案是C．
37.A．副词辨析．A快；B慢地；C几乎不；根据But this nice act can spread quite及常识，这些好的行为应该是传播得很快，故答案是A．
38.B．动词辨析．A使；B买；C卖；根据 She also（3）a meal for the person standing in line behind her．应该是也为她后面的人买了，故答案是B．
39.A．副词辨析．A也，用于肯定句或问句句尾；B也，用于否定句句尾；C也，用于句中；根据and the next person did it是肯定句句尾，句意下一个人也这么做了，故答案是A．
40.B．名词辨析．A疯狂；B礼貌；C仁慈；根据好文描述，可知Soon， 250 people had done another person the act of 很快，250人对另一个人做了礼貌的行为，故答案是B．
41.C．动词辨析．A想；B应该是的；C不需要；根据语境，应该是你不用为前面的付钱，故答案是C．
42.B．名词辨析．A富人；B无家可归的人；C失踪者；根据 giving food to应该是给无家可归的人食物，故答案是B．
43.B．代词辨析．A我自己；B你自己；C它自己；根据下文All you have to do is to look for可知你自己试试吧，故答案是B．
44.A．形容词辨析．A小的；B可怕的；C陌生的；根据后面you could do to make someone happy应该是做一些小事你可以让别人开心，故答案是A．
45. B．动词辨析．A同意；B忘记；C决定；根据上句And when someone does something nice for you，当有人为你做了好事，应该是不要忘了也要做好事，故答案是B．
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式（每空最多不超过三个单词）
A king had two sons and asked famous teachers to teach them. After a few
________(year), the king fell badly ill. So he wanted to choose one of his sons as the next king, but which one would be the right person? He thought it over ________ a whole night. At last, he decided ________ (test) his sons.
One day, he gave a room to each of ________ (they), You must fill the room completely (完全地) with anything you wish. But there should ________ (be)no space left and you can't ask for advice from anyone!\"
The next day the king ________(visit) his elder son's room. The room was completely filled with grass. The king felt sorry about it. Then he went to ________other room, but it was closed. His ________ (young) son asked him to get in and closed the door again. It was dark everywhere, so the king shouted at him ________ (angry), But suddenly the second son lighted a candle and the room was full of light. The king felt very excited and hugged him proudly.
He realized: Wisdom(智慧) is more important than simple answers ________ are easy to get.
【答案】 years；for；to test；them；be；visited；the；younger；angrily；which/that 语篇分析：
国王有两个儿子，让著名的老师教他们，几年后，国王生病了，想找到一个聪明的王位继承人，让他两个儿子用自己想到的东西把房间填满，第二天分别去了两个儿子的房间，很高兴地拥抱了二儿子，他意识到智慧比简单的答案更重要。 答案解析：
1.句意：几年后，国王病的很严重。a few一些，后跟可数名词的复数形式，因此使用year的复数，故答案是years。
2.句意：他仔细考虑了整整一个晚上。 a whole night 是时间段，引出时间段的是介词for，故答案是for。
3.句意：最后，他决定测试一下他的儿子。decide to do sth.，决定做某事，因此使用动词不定式，故答案是to test。
4.句意：一天，他给了他们每人一个房间。of是介词，介词后使用宾格人称代词，将they改为them，故答案是them。
5.句意：但是不应该有空间剩下，不能向任何人请求建议。本句为there be句式，should是情态动词，情态动词后使用动词原形，故答案是be。
6 .句意：第二天，国王参观了他的大儿子的房间。本文的基本时态是一般过去时，因此本句为一般过去时，应使用visit的过去式visited，故答案是visited。 7.句意：于是他去了另一个房间。国王有两个儿子，分别对两人或者两件事进行描述，应使用短语one…the other…，一个……另一个……，故答案是the。 8.句意：他的小儿子让他进去。又把门关住了。因为国王有两个儿子，先去的是大儿子的房间，后去的应该是小儿子的房间，大与小是相对的，因此都应使用比较级，故答案是younger。
9. 句意：到处都很黑，国王生气地冲着他喊叫。angry修饰动词shouted，应使用副词形式angrily，故答案是angrily。
10.句意：智慧比容易得到的答案更重要。本句为定语从句，先形式是answers，因此关系代词使用that或者which，故答案是 which/that 14
I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. Because of his great achievements, he was thought to be more creative than the common person. When he
____1___(ask)why he was able to do this, he gave the answer. It all came from an experience with his mother when he was about three years old.\" I ___2____(try)to get a bottle of milk from the fridge when I dropped the bottle and it fell. spilling(滋出)the milk all over the floor-a sea of milk！I was frightened and I didn't know what to do!\" he said.
His mother heard the noise and got into the kitchen. \"I ____3___(consider)how to explain all this to you. Mum.\" he said. Instead of ___4___him, she said. \"Robert,
what a great mess you have made! I ___5___(not see)such a huge sea of milk before! Well, since the milk has already been spilled, would you like ____6____(play)in the milk for a while? We ____7___(clean)it up after that.\" Then, he did so. After a few minutes. His mother said. \"You know. Robert. whenever you ___8____a mess like this, finally you have to clean it up.\" He used a sponge(海绵)and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.
His mother then said. \"You know, we __9___how to successfully carry a big milk
bottle with two tiny hands just now. Let's go to the yard and fill the bottle with water to see if you __10_____(discover)a way to carry it.\" Then the little boy learned that if he grasped (抓紧)the bottle at the top with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it.
What a wonderful lesson! 【答案】
was asked；was trying；am considering；punishing；haven't seen；to play；will clean；make；failed；can discover 语篇分析：
本文讲述一位著名科学家的故事，作者从冰箱里拿牛奶时，不小心把奶瓶掉下地了，牛奶溅到到处都是，但是他妈妈并没有因此惩罚他，而是借此教育了他，他学会了如果他抓紧瓶子顶部，他便可以把它拿起而不会掉下它。 答案解析：
1.句意：当他被问为什么他会这样做，他给了答案。根据was，可知用过去时，ask问，he和ask之间是被动关系，用过去时的被动语态，其结构为be+过去分词，主语是he，be动词用was，ask的过去分词是asked，故填was asked。
2.句意：我正在努力从冰箱里拿一瓶牛奶的时候，突然我落下的瓶子，并且它掉了下来。此处表示我正在努力去牛奶的时候，恰好这时另一件事发生了，主句用过去将来时，主语是I，be动词用was，故填was trying。
3.句意：他说“妈妈，我正在考虑怎样向你解释整个这件事。”consider考虑，动词，他妈妈金厨房时，他正在考虑怎样向妈妈解释，直接引语用现在进行时，其结构为be+现在分词，主语是I，be动词用am，consider的现在分词是considering，故填am considering。
4.句意：没有惩罚他，她说。“罗伯特，你搞得多么乱啊！我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。根据常识，一般弄掉了牛奶，应该会受到惩罚，但是主人公的母亲并没有惩罚他，punish惩罚，动词，instead of后接动名词，punish的动名词是punishing，故填punishing。
5.句意：没有惩罚他，她说。“罗伯特，你搞得多么乱啊！我以前没有看见如此多的牛奶。see看见，描述过去的动作对现在造成影响，用现在完成时，其结构为have+过去分词，根据not，可知用否定句，主语是I，构成否定句要借助助动词haven't，see的过去分词是seen，故填haven't seen。
6.句意：因为牛奶已经被溅出，你想玩一会儿牛奶吗？would like to do sth想做某事，play玩， 故填to play。
7.句意：我们然后将会把它打扫干净。描述将要发生的事情，用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，clean打扫，故填will clean。
8.句意：无论什么时候你向这样搞得乱七八糟，最终你必须打扫干净。make a mess搞得乱七八糟，固定搭配，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形，故填make。
9.句意：他妈妈然后说。”你知道，我们刚才不能用两个小手成功的拿两个大奶瓶。由于寻找拿奶瓶的方法，可知不能用小手拿起奶瓶，用fail，失败，fail to do sth不能做某事/失败做某事，根据just now可知，用一般过去时，fail的过去式是failed，故填failed。
10. 句意：我们一起去院子里用水装满这个瓶子看是否你能发现一种拿它的方法。用水填瓶子的目的是看是否可以发现拿它的方法，discover发现，can可以，能，此次用can discover，可以发现，故填can discover。
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